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Grade 7 - Introduction to Geography

Introduction to Geography

This post includes the definition of the word Geography, Branches of Geography, Sub-Branches of Geography, Importance of Geography as well as Careers in Geography.

Definition

Every Definition of Geography must include 3 things:
1. The People             2. The Earth               3. Interaction between the people and the environment

A good definition therefore would be:

Geography is the study of the Earth, the People and their interaction with the natural environment.



Branches

There are 2 main branches of Geography. These are Physical and Human Geography. 




In Jamaica, we also include a third branch. This is Quantitative Geography which will be discussed below. The three branches would therefore be:

1. Physical Geography
2. Human Geography
3. Quantitative Geography


Physical Geography

This is the study of natural features and systems of the Earth. This includes the atmosphere, oceans and landforms among other things. Physical Geography can be further separated into sub-topics. These sub-topics would be a part of the larger branch of  Physical Geography and can therefore be called Sub-Branch.
Some sub-branches of Physical Geography include:
Geology
Hydrology
Meteorology
Climatology
Geomorphology

Do you notice the ending of these words?

The suffix 'ology' means the study of. We can easily say that the study of Water would be Hydro - ology or Hydrology.

Look back and guess the meaning of the words.


Human Geography

This is the study of the people and their interaction with the environment. This includes where people live and their activities and how they use the earth's resources. Human Geography can be separated in sub-topics. The Sub-topics would be a part of the larger branch of Human Geography and can therefore be called sub-branch.

Some sub-branches of Human Geography include:

Political Geography
Population Geography
Economic Geography
Urban Geography

If you notice, these all have to do with people and what they do.


Quantitative Geography

This involves the use of maps and measurements to give geographical information.  This involves the making and studying of maps, giving directions and measuring distances.

Quantitative Geography can further be sub-divided into two sub-branches. These are:

Cartography
Statistical/ Mathematical Geography





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